Words and Expressions (E) |
Words and Expressions (E)
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earnest
英 ['ɜːnɪst] 美 ['ɜːrnɪst]
词形变化：earnestly earnestness
详尽释义
adj.(形容词)
1. 诚挚的，真诚的，诚恳的
2. 认真的，严肃的，不开玩笑的
3. 热心的
4. 重要的，重大的
5. 诚实的
n.(名词)
1. 认真，诚挚
2. 保证金，定金，定钱
3. 预兆，前兆，预示
4. 热心
5. 保证
6. 欧内斯特（男子名）
adv.(副词)
真挚地，真诚地
英英释义
Noun:
1. something of value given by one person to another to bind a contract
Adjective:
1. characterized by a firm and humorless belief in the validity of your opinions;
"both sides were deeply in earnest, even passionate"
"an entirely sincere and cruel tyrant"
"a film with a solemn social message"
2. earnest;
"one's dearest wish"
"devout wishes for their success"
"heartfelt condolences"
3. not distracted by anything unrelated to the goal
例句
用作形容词 (adj.)
I'm sure he was earnest when he said he would come. 我相信他说他会来是认真的。
He is a good, earnest, diligent student. 他是一个认真勤奋的好学生。
I strive to live each day with earnest gratitude. 我努力使生活的每一天都充满真诚的感激。
用作名词 (n.)
Earnest was legally unnecessary. 法律上并不要求必须有定金。
The money was given in earnest to finalize the contract. 这笔钱是作为敲定合同的定金。
The current economic slump is an earnest of the major recession to come. 当前的经济滑坡预示着一次大的衰退即将来临。
You will have to pay"earnest money" to guarantee your participation till the end of the tender. 为保证您自始至终参加投标，您应该缴纳保证金。
She spoke half in sport, half in earnest. 她半开玩笑半认真地说。
At last he has settled to his work in earnest. 最后他安心认真地干起他的工作来。
I could tell she spoke in earnest. 我看得出她是郑重其事地说的。
常见句型
用作形容词 (adj.)
用作定语
～+ n.
We made an earnest endeavor to persuade her. 我们郑重其事地努力说服她。
用作表语
S+be+～
Life is real and earnest. 人生是真实的、认真的。
S+be+～+ prep .-phrase
He is earnest about his studies. 他热心于他的研究。
常用短语
用作形容词 (adj.)
in earnest
认真的,诚挚的 serious
I'm sure he was in earnest when he said he wanted to marry her. 我相信他说想娶她是真心的。
词汇搭配
用作形容词 (adj.)
～+名词
earnest student 认真的学生earnest wish 诚挚的愿望～+介词
earnest about 认真对待 earnest for 热切盼望
词义辨析
adj.(形容词)
earnest, ardent, eager, enthusiastic, zealous
这组词的共同意思是“渴望的”“热切的”。其区别在于:
1.eager指对成功的期望或进取的热情; earnest表示认真执著地对待一项工作; ardent指有如火一般炽热的感情; enthusiastic指根据爱好、兴趣而产生的热情洋溢的情感; zealous多指奉献的热情,也可指强烈的宗教信仰。例如:
She is enthusiastic about the new teaching method.她对新的教学方法很热心。
He was an ardent supporter of the reform.他是改革的热情支持者。
It is my earnest wish that you use this money to further your research.我真诚希望你用这笔钱继续你的研究工作。
The youths like to be zealous for liberty and freedom.青年人喜欢热情地追求自由。
2.eager含有难以等待或难以抑制的意味; earnest带有充满热情、专心、无私的含义; enthusiastic含有对某事极端酷爱、仰慕或赞许的含义; zealous则暗示热情来自信仰或态度以及为此而采取行动的可能性。例如:
He made an earnest attempt to persuade her.他热心努力地去说服她。
I am enthusiastic over a project for building a new bridge.我热衷于修建一座新桥的规划。
They were zealous in the pursuit of the truth.他们热切追求真理。
3.earnest比eager更慎重、认真、持久; enthusiastic比earnest更生动。例如:
Mary is an earnest student.玛丽是个认真的学生。
When we put the suggestion to him he was enthusiastic for its immediate application.当我们把这项建议提交给他时,他热衷于马上把它付诸实施。
【近义词】
serious 严肃的 sincere 真诚的 determine d坚定的 resolute 坚决的 decided 确定的 devoted 投入的 solemn 庄严的 heartfelt 衷心的 grave 坟墓 sober 清醒的 intense 强大的 deep 深的 strong 强烈的 businesslike 有效率的 devout 虔诚的 dear 亲爱的
【反义词】
indolent 懒惰的 lazy 懒惰的 idle 无目的
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entourage
英 ['ɒnturɑːʒ] 美 ['ɑːnturɑːʒ]
释义
n.(名词)
<法>随行人员，随从
周围的事物，环境
助手
Noun:
the group following and attending to some important person
例句
用作名词 (n.)
Among his entourage was a retired general. 他的随行人员中有一位退休的将军。
Eisenhower introduced his entourage to the Pope. 艾森豪威尔向教皇介绍了自己的随行人员。
The entourage is the same and the rhythm is the same. 周围的一切还是那样，节奏也一样。
How does your entourage support you? 你周围的人怎样支持你?
She always has an entourage of admiring young men. 她周围总是簇拥着追求她的年轻人。
【近义词】
following 接着的 train 列车 staff 员工 suite 套房 retinue 侍从 attendance 出席 followers 追随者 escort 护送者 court 法院 environs 郊外 ambience 气氛 circumstances 情况 surroundings 周围的事物 environment 环境 ambit （权势等的）范围 milieu 周围环境 backup 后备 support 支持 cortege 行列
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escalate 常用词汇
英 ['eskəleɪt] 美 ['eskəleɪt]
v.(动词)
v.(动词)
（使）逐步升级
（使）逐步上升，逐步升高
乘自动扶梯爬登，在自动扶梯上向前移动，乘自动梯上升
迅速上涨，飞快增加，不断提高
逐步扩大，逐步增强
加剧，不断恶化
更高
更大
猛涨，飞涨
扩大
升高
增强
Verb:
increase in extent or intensity;
"The Allies escalated the bombing"
例句
用作及物动词 (vt.)
Shouting may seem necessary, but it tends to escalate conflicts. 大喊大叫也许比较容易，但是它容易导致使冲突升级。
The government is deliberately escalating the war for political reasons. 政府出于政治目的蓄意使战争逐步升级。
用作不及物动词 (vi.)
House prices have escalated rapidly. 房价已急速上涨。
Even a limited confrontation can escalate into a major war. 即使是局部的对抗也可能扩大成一场大战。
常见句型用作动词 (v.)
用作不及物动词
S+～(+A)
The cost of living is escalating. 生活费用在迅速上涨。
用作及物动词
S+ ～+n./pron.
The government escalated the war by starting to bomb enemy cities. 政府开始轰炸敌方的城市，使战争进一步扩大。
【近义词】
intensify 增强 worsen (使)更坏 heighten 增加 go from bad to worse 每况愈下 deteriorate 恶化 spiral 螺旋 increase 增加 rocket 火箭 accelerate 加速 jack 千斤顶 aggrandize 增加 step up 增加
【反义词】
de-escalate(使)逐步降级
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etiquette 扩展词汇
英 ['etɪket] 美 ['etɪket]
n.(名词)
规矩
成规
礼仪
礼节
仪式
典礼
格式
繁文缛节
礼貌
规定，规则
Noun:
rules governing socially acceptable behavior
例句
用作名词 (n.)
The rules of etiquette are not so strict nowadays. 如今的礼仪规则已不那么严格了。
Etiquette was considered very important in Victorian England. 英国在维多利亚时代非常注重礼仪。
He understands well about diplomatic etiquette. 他熟知外交礼节。
He dared not break the etiquette. 他不敢破坏规矩。
词汇搭配
professional etiquette
[经] (同行业间的)规矩； 行规
【近义词】
decorum 礼貌合宜 manners 礼貌 propriety 适当 formalities 礼节；程序；拘谨 decency 得体 convention 大会 formality 礼节 behaviour 行为 ceremony 仪式 formula 配方 social code 社会礼仪 good manners 好习惯, 有礼貌 protocol 外交礼仪 custom 习惯 politeness 礼貌 social 社会的 code 密码
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expiration
英 [ˌekspə'reɪʃn] 美 [ˌekspə'reɪʃn]
详尽释义
n.(名词)
1. 期满，截止，终结，终止，届满
2. 呼气，吐气，呼出空气
3. 呼出，呼出物
4. 断气，死亡
5. 嘘出的声音
6. 届期
7. 告终
8. 呼气的嘘声
英英释义
Noun:
1. a coming to an end of a contract period;
"the expiry of his driver's license"
2. euphemistic expressions for death;
"thousands mourned his passing"
3. the act of expelling air from the lungs
例句
用作名词 (n.)
1. This Contract shall be terminated on the expiration date. 劳动合同期满，即行终止。
2. A contract subject to a time of expiration is extinguished at such time. 附终止期限的合同，自期限届满时失效。
3. The expiration of contract is coming. 合同快到期了。
4. When is the expiration of your driving license? 你的驾驶执照何时到期？
5. This ticket has passed its expiration date, and so it is now invalid. 这张票已过了有效期，现在作废了。
词汇搭配
expiration date截止日期 expiration of policy保单满期 forced expiration用力呼气 expiration notice期满通知 active expiration[医] 主动呼[气]... timer expiration exit routine计时终止出口程序 extend the expiration date延长有效期 extend expiration date展延有效期 expiration and inspiration吐纳 expiration clause[经] 期满条款 date of expiration[经] 失效日期... automatic expiration自动满期 expiry满期 expiry date有效期限
【近义词】
death死 breath呼吸 disappearance消失 passing通过 going去 expiry满期 exit出口 release释放 departure出发 breathing out呼气 termination终止 loss遗失 exhalation呼气
【反义词】
inspiration灵感
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