Words and Expressions (I) |
Words and Expressions (I)
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implement 核心词汇
英 ['ɪmplɪmənt] 美 ['ɪmplɪmənt]
名词: implementation 过去式: implemented 过去分词: implemented 现在分词: implementing 第三人称单数: implements
n.(名词)
工具，装备，用具，器具
家具
手段
当工具的人
【律】履行
武器，器械
简单的户外用具
服装
履行
v.(动词)
履行（契约），执行，奉行
实施，贯彻，实现，落实（政策），使实行起来
给...供给器具，向...提供工具
把...填满
应用
推广，普及
使生效
完成
为进行…提供方法
弥补
补充
Noun:
1. instrumentation (a piece of equipment or tool) used to effect an end
Verb:
1. apply in a manner consistent with its purpose or design;
"implement a procedure"
2. ensure observance of laws and rules;
"Apply the rules to everyone"
3. pursue to a conclusion or bring to a successful issue;
"Did he go through with the treatment?"
"He implemented a new economic plan"
"She followed up his recommendations with a written proposal"
例句
用作名词 (n.)
What implements are needed for gardening? 园艺需要些什么工具？
That implement is useful for many purposes in the kitchen. 那种工具在厨房里有许多用途。
The system can preferably implement automatic text categorization for Chinese pages, and has a higher quality. 该系统可以很好地实现一个中文网页的自动分类，且系统中的分类器具有较高的分类质量。
用作及物动词 (vt.)
Her designs will be put on ice until money is available to implement them. 她的设计将暂时搁起来，等有了钱再去实施。
The government is implementing a new policy to help the unemployed. 政府正在实施一项新的帮助失业者的政策。
The committee's decisions will be implemented immediately. 委员会的决定将立即执行。
It is not the proper way to implement a policy by force. 强迫推行一项政策不是办法。
常见句型
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词
S+～+ n./pron.
Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it. 不要承担一项计划,除非你能完成它。
I wonder how he might best implement his purpose. 我想知道他怎样才能很好地实现自己的目的。
用于be ～ed结构
The committee's suggestions will be implemented immediately. 委员会的建议将被立即落实。
Due to lack of funds, the program has not yet been implemented. 由于缺乏资金,这个计划尚未执行。
用作名词 (n.)
The best implement for digging a garden is a spade. 在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。
A broom, a pail, a shovel, and an ax are implements. 扫帚、桶、铁锹和斧子都是工具。
词汇搭配
用作动词 (v.)
～+名词
implement a program of reforms 执行改革计划 implement one's ideas〔purpose〕 实现个人的意念〔目的〕implement plans〔policies〕 执行计划〔政策〕
用作名词 (n.)
形容词+～
agricultural implements 农具
名词+～
bronze implements 铜器farm implements 农具household implements 日用器具kitchen implements 厨具writing implements 书写用具
～+介词
implements of divination 占卜用具implements of war 武器
词语用法
1. implement原属于苏格兰法律用语，指“实行”，现在则被广泛运用；
2. 它的后面可接很多宾语，如contract，act，resolution，policy，scheme，intention，promise，proposal等。这里，implement偶可与carry out，fulfil等词互换，避免单调重复；
3. 名词形式是implementation。
词义辨析
n.(名词)
implement, apparatus, instrument, machine
这组词的意思并不完全相同,前两个词都有“机器”“机械装置”的意思,而后两个词更强调“仪器,工具”。
1.machine指由各种不同部件构成的“机器”,为某种动力所驱动而进行重复的生产以节约人力。
2.apparatus概念极为广泛,指一套由若干独立部分构成、比较复杂的“设备”或“装置”,种类繁多,大小不拘。例如:
This apparatus can purify a thousand gallons of water a minute.这种装置一分钟可以净化1000加仑的水。
The television men set up their apparatus, ready to film.电视摄影人员将他们的全套设备安装好,准备开拍。
3.instrument经常指科学上或艺术上所使用的“器械,乐器”等,也可表示抽象的工具或受他人利用的工具。例如:
Does your sister play any instrument?你姐姐会演奏什么乐器?
He can play the piano, violin and several other instruments.他能演奏钢琴、小提琴以及其他几种乐器。
All surgical instruments must be sterilized before use.所有的外科手术器械在使用之前都必须消毒。
Language is an instrument for communication.语言是交际的工具。
A police force is an instrument for keeping law and order.警察是维护法律与秩序的工具。
4.implement指完成某一项工作所需要的或使用的任何工具或装置,包括手工操作的工具和机器操作的工具。例如:
There are a large variety of household implements on sale in the market.市场上有大量的各式各样的日用器具出售。
Man's earliest implements were carved from stone and bone.人类最早的工具是由石头和骨头刻制而成的。
apparatus instrument device equipment tool implement installation appliance facilities
这些名词均有“仪器、设备、器械、器具”之意。
apparatus:apparatus既可指某种具体的由许多不同零件构成的复杂的仪器、装置或器械，又可指它们的总称。
instrument:instrument通常指能使人们完成某一精确动作或测量的一种小型仪器，尤指电工仪表、测量装置，航海或航空用的控制装置。
device:device多指为某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装置。
equipment:equipment多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。通常用作不可数名词。
tool:tool一般指进行特种工作的手工工具，也可指人造使用动力的工具，还可作引申用。
implement:implement原指史前人类所用的工具，现在多指农用工具，也可指为实现某个任务所需的工具或器具。
installation:installation一般多指安装完成，可供使用或操作的整套装置或设施。
appliance:appliance侧重指家用机器或设备，尤指家用电器。
facilities:facilities常用复数形式，指可供使用的设备或设施。
常见错误
错句举例与错句分析
错句：it is those ships which will take longer to be implemented up to the agreed standard.
纠正：it is those ships which will take longer to be brought up to the agreed standard.
翻译：那些船还需要经过更长的时间去达到同意的标准。
分析：implement做动词时表示“执行（某项计划）”的意思，不适合用在这句子里。
【同义词】
v.(动词)
begin carry out fulfill start
n.(名词)
device instrument tool
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impromptu
英 [ɪm'prɒmptjuː] 美 [ɪm'prɑːmptuː]
详尽释义
adj.(形容词)
1. 即席的，即兴的
2. 临时的，事先无准备的
3. 一触即发的
adv.(副词)
1. 即席地，即兴地
2. 事先无准备地，临时地
n.(名词)
1. 即兴曲，即兴之作
2. 即兴演奏，即席演出
3. 即席演说，临时讲话
v.(动词)
1. 即兴创作
2. 即兴表演
英英释义
Noun:
1. an extemporaneous speech or remark;
"a witty impromptu must not sound premeditated"
2. a short musical passage that seems to have been made spontaneously without advance preparation
Adjective:
with little or no preparation or forethought;
"his ad-lib comments showed poor judgment"
"an extemporaneous piano recital"
"an extemporary lecture"
"an extempore skit"
"an impromptu speech"
"offhand excuses"
"trying to sound offhanded and reassuring"
"an off-the-cuff toast"
"a few unrehearsed comments"
Adverb:
without advance preparation;
"he spoke ad lib"
例句
用作形容词 (adj.)
1. It usually take me more than three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.
为了准备一则即席的好讲辞，我通常要三个星期以上。
2. An impromptu visit broke up the long afternoon. 突然的造访打破了漫长的午后时光。
用作副词 (adv.)
She played a tune impromptu. 她即席演奏了一曲。
用作名词 (n.)
His call for a book of the trains had been a sheer piece of impromptu. 他打听火车时刻表只是一段纯粹的即兴曲。
词汇搭配
impromptu speech出席演说
【近义词】
unprepared无准备的 extemporaneous即兴的 occasional偶然的 ad lib即兴地, 没有限制地 extempore即兴的 unrehearsed未经排练的 off-the-cuff未预备的 ad hoc特定的 improvised即席而作的 spontaneous自发的 spur-of-the-moment即兴的, 一时兴起的 unplanned无计划的 unpremeditated无预谋的 ad-lib即兴演唱 offhanded立即的 offhand即时的 spontaneously自发地 ad libitum随意地 extemporary当场的
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improvisation
英 [ˌɪmprəvaɪ'zeɪʃn] 美 [ˌɪmprəvaɪ'zeɪʃn]
详尽释义
n.(名词)
1. 即兴作品
2. 即兴创作，即席创作，即兴而作
3. 即兴演说
4. 即席演奏
5. 临时凑合（的东西）
英英释义
Noun:
1. a creation spoken or written or composed extemporaneously (without prior preparation)
2. an unplanned expedient
3. a performance given extempore without planning or preparation
例句
用作名词 (n.)
1. The other key aspect of jazz is improvisation. 爵士乐的另外一个重要因素就是即兴创作。
2. For one thing, Beethoven was an absolute genius at improvisation. 首先，贝多芬在即兴创作上绝对是一个天才。
3. He is also credited with making improvisation a more central part of jazz. 让即兴演奏成为爵士主流也要归功于他。
4. But improvisation does not mean just playing any old thing that comes to mind. 不过，即兴演奏并不是随便想到什么就演奏什么。
【近义词】
extemporization即席作成 inventiveness发明创造能力... invention发明 lateral thinking横向思维 standup 直立的 stand-up直立的 extemporisation <主英>=extemporization
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inclement
[ in'klemənt ]
a. 天气严酷(寒冷的,恶劣的,狂风暴雨)
1. (of weather or climate) severe
2. used of persons or behavior; showing no clemency or mercy
Exmp: At irregular intervals of two to seven years, the waters of the central Pacific warm up, heralding inclement weather throughout the southern hemisphere.
无规律地间隔二至七年，中央太平洋的海水温度就会升高，预示着南半球严酷的天气的到来。
【同义词】
severe adj.严厉的, 严重的... rough adj.粗糙的, 粗略的... stormy adj. 暴风雨的, ... harsh adj.粗糙的, 严厉的... cold adj.冷的, 寒冷的,... cruel adj.残酷的, 残忍的... intemperate adj.无节制的, 放纵... extreme adj.极度的, 极端的... bad adj.坏的, 不好的,... foul adj.恶臭的, 邪恶的...
【反义词】
clement adj. 仁慈的, 温和的
【短语词组】
inclement weather 恶劣天气
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inclination 扩展词汇
英 [ˌɪnklɪ'neɪʃn] 美 [ˌɪnklɪ'neɪʃn]
n.(名词)
（性格上的）倾向，意向
爱好，癖好
趋向，趋势
倾斜，屈身，弯腰，点头
斜坡，斜面，倾度
【数】倾角，斜角
【天】交角，倾角，水平差
【物】（磁）倾角
Noun:
1. an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others;
"he had an inclination to give up too easily"
"a tendency to be too strict"
2. (astronomy) the angle between the plane of the orbit and the plane of the ecliptic stated in degrees
3. (geometry) the angle formed by the x-axis and a given line (measured counterclockwise from the positive half of the x-axis)
4. (physics) the angle that a magnetic needle makes with the plane of the horizon
5. that toward which you are inclined to feel a liking;
"her inclination is for classical music"
6. the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the vertical;
"the tower had a pronounced tilt"
"the ship developed a list to starboard"
"he walked with a heavy inclination to the right"
7. a characteristic likelihood of or natural disposition toward a certain condition or character or effect;
"the alkaline inclination of the local waters"
"fabric with a tendency to shrink"
8. the act of inclining; bending forward;
"an inclination of his head indicated his agreement"
例句
用作名词 (n.)
I have little inclination to listen to you all evening. 我可不愿意一晚上都听你说话。
She is not free to follow her own inclination in the matter of marriage. 她的婚姻不能自主。
You always follow your own inclination instead of thinking of our feelings. 你总是随心所欲而不考虑我们的情感。
Taking into account both of your inclination and our needs, the internship will be arranged in Fangben Shanghai Office or Suzhou Office. 实习地点将在综合考虑您的意愿及我们的需要后，安排在方本上海办公室或苏州办公室。
He has an inclination to be fat. 他有发胖的趋势。
The car has an inclination to stall on cold mornings. 这辆汽车天冷时早晨常常熄火。
The inclination of a roof is quite correct. 屋顶的倾斜度非常准确。
词汇搭配
inclination dip 磁倾角 flow inclination 气流倾角 relative inclination 相对倾角 percentage inclination 用百分比表示的坡度 inclination compass 磁倾角罗盘 inclination angle 倾角 inclination joint 倾斜关节 individual inclination 个性倾向性 ball inclination 球形倾斜仪 magnetic inclination 磁倾 hydraulic inclination 水力坡降 brush inclination 电刷倾斜,电刷倾角
【近义词】
disposition 性情 preference 偏爱 leaning 倾斜 proclivity 倾向 tendency 趋势 feeling 感觉 predisposition 倾向 penchant 喜好(倾向) weakness 软弱 complex 复杂的 liking 喜欢 partiality 偏袒 aptitude 天资 slope 倾斜 will 决心 slant 倾斜 descent 下降 incline 倾斜 gradient 倾斜度 option 选择权 pitch 球场 pleasure 愉快 steepness 险峻 intention 意图 tip 小费 heel 脚后跟 bent bend的过去式和过去分词 propensity 倾向 angle of dip 倾角 magnetic dip 磁倾角, =magnetic inclination tilt (使)倾斜 inclining 倾向 lean 倾斜 angle of inclination 倾斜角 dip 浸 list 目录
【反义词】
disinclination 不情愿
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incur
英 [ɪn'kɜː(r)] 美 [ɪn'kɜːr]
双解释义
v.(动词)
vt. 遭受; 招致,引起 cause oneself to suffer (sth bad); bring upon oneself
英英释义
Verb:
1. make oneself subject to; bring upon oneself; become liable to;
"People who smoke incur a great danger to their health"
receive a specified treatment (abstract);
2. "These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation"
"His movie received a good review"
"I got nothing but trouble for my good intentions"
例句
用作及物动词 (vt.)
1. Your despite at him will incur his revenge. 他会因你的藐视态度而报复你的。
2. If you don't do the job properly, you will incur blame. 如果你不把工作做好,你将会招人责难。
3. A slowdown in the economy caused us to incur great losses. 经济的减缓使我们遭受了很大的损失。
4. He incurred substantial losses during the stock market crash. 他在股市猛跌时蒙受了巨大的损失。
5. He incurred the anger of everyone by sacking the old caretaker. 他因解雇老管理员而激起公愤。
常见句型
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词 S+～+ n./pron.
1. He incurred a heavy loss through you. 他因为你而遭受重大损失。
2. She imagined it was that weakness which had incurred the contempt of Glaucus. 她想,一定是那个缺点招致了格劳科斯的蔑视。
词汇搭配
用作动词 (v.)
～+名词
incur debts 负债
incur great expense 须付巨额费用
incur sb's anger 惹某人生气
【近义词】
experience经验
suffer遭受
sustain支持
invite邀请
acquire获得
earn赚得
gain获得
deserve应受
meet with碰见
encounter意外的相见
come in for得到
contract合同
catch赶上
get得到
on在 ... 之上
bring带来
bring on引起
result in导致
in在 ... 里
result结果
receive接到
find发现
obtain获得
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instrumental
[ ˌinstru'mentl ] a. 仪器的,器具的,可做为手段的
词形变化
副词:instrumentally
相关例句
1.I was instrumental in catching the criminal. 我曾经协助捉拿这罪犯。
2.His instrumental works are popular amongst the students. 他的器乐曲在学生中很受欢迎。
3.Our artistic director was instrumental in persuading the orchestra to come. 我们的艺术指导帮助请来管弦乐队。
4.Our artistic director was instrumental in persuading the orchestra to come and play for us. 我们的艺术指导大费唇舌请来管弦乐队为我们演出.
5.I like instrumental music better than vocal music. 我喜欢器乐胜于声乐。
英英解释
形容词instrumental:
1. relating to or designed for or performed on musical instruments
2. serving or acting as a means or aid
【同义词】
contributory adj. 捐助的, 有贡... active adj.活跃的, 积极的... involved adj.涉及的, 牵连的... helpful adj.有帮助的, 有用的 influential adj.有权势的, 有影... music n.音乐, 美妙的声音,... implemental adj. 器具的, 可作... subservient adj. 卑屈的, 奉承...
【反义词】
vocal adj.声音的, 口头的...
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intentionally
英 [ɪn'tenʃənəli] 美 [ɪn'tenʃənəli]
基本释义
adv.有意地；故意地
英英释义
Adverb:
with intention; in an intentional manner;
"he used that word intentionally"
"I did this by choice"
例句
用作副词 (adv.)
Applications should not intentionally obscure themselves under multiple or confusing names. 软件不应该有意地使用不同的名称或模糊的名称，隐藏自己。
Sometimes, the voltage may be varied intentionally to determine the voltage dependence of an insulator. 有的时候，我们有意地改变电压，以确定绝缘体电阻率对电压的依赖关系。
That he intentionally does it is very clear. 他故意地做它是很清楚的。
Or you can choose to accelerate your growth and intentionally devour life and all it offers. 又或许你可以选择加速自身的成长，故意地挥霍生活及其提供的一切。
近反义词
【近义词】
purposely 故意地
deliberately 故意地
on purpose 故意
by design 有意地
purposefully 有目的地
by choice 出于自愿
designedly 故意地
advisedly 深思熟虑地
【反义词】
unintentionally非故意地
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interment
英 [ɪn'tɜːmənt] 美 [ɪn'tɜːrmənt]
n.埋葬; 葬礼; 安葬; 土葬
the ritual placing of a corpse in a grave
The funeral was held Monday afternoon from Reavie Brothers Funeral Home and interment was in Bethel Cemetery. 葬礼于星期一下午在雷维兄弟殡仪馆举行，然后埋葬在圣地墓地中。
词汇搭配
funeral and interment殡葬
【近义词】
burial 埋葬 entombment 埋葬(成为 ... 的坟墓) committa l收监 funeral 葬礼(的) funeral rites 丧礼 sepulture 埋葬
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inventory
英 ['ɪnvəntri] 美 ['ɪnvəntɔːri]
形容词: inventorial 副词: inventorially 名词复数: inventories 过去式: inventoried 过去分词: inventoried 现在分词: inventorying 第三人称单数: inventories
详尽释义
n. (名词)
存货，库存，盘存，藏量，库存量
清单，存货清单，存货盘存（报表），报表
详细目录，目录
财产目录，财产清单，财产目录的编制
清单上开列的货品
藏书
存贮问题
v. (动词)
编制，编制目录，把…登入目录
盘存，清点存货，验看
开清，开列…的存货清单，
列入详细目录
英英释义
Noun:
1. a detailed list of all the items in stock
2. the merchandise that a shop has on hand;
"they carried a vast inventory of hardware"
"they stopped selling in exact sizes in order to reduce inventory"
3. (accounting) the value of a firm's current assets including raw materials and work in progress and finished goods
4. a collection of resources;
"he dipped into his intellectual armory to find an answer"
5. making an itemized list of merchandise or supplies on hand;
"an inventory may be necessary to see if anything is missing"
"they held an inventory every month"
Verb:
1. make or include in an itemized record or report;
"Inventory all books before the end of the year"
例句
用作名词 (n.)
The job of compiling the inventory took several hours. 编辑详细目录的工作花了好几个小时。
The inventory showed that the store was overstocked. 清单显示商店存货过多。
All of the inventory has been tagged and referenced. 所有存货清单都被贴上了标签，以备参考。
Is the shop inventory verified before the commencement of a sales promotion?有否在减价开始前按公司清单核实存货?
用作及物动词 (vt.)
He inventories the minor losses and submitted it to the management. 他将那些较小的损失编进目录，上交给管理层。
常见句型
用作名词 (n.)
This is a detailed inventory of all the jobs to be done. 这是一张待办事项的详表。
The inventory showed that the store was overstocked. 清单显示商店存货过多。
词汇搭配
average inventory 平均存货,平均库存 inventory turnover 存货周转率 inventory charge 材料的耗费 roll inventory 轧辊备件总数,备用轧辊库存量 beginning inventory 期初存货 merchandise inventory 商品库存 inventory equation 盘存等式 inventory theory 库存论 inventory record 盘存记录 forest inventory 森林调查 periodic inventory 定期盘存 inventory system 盘存制度,存储系统 inventory control 库存管理论,库存管理 inventory taking 存货盘点 opening inventory 期初存货 optimal inventory 最佳库存量,最优库存 general inventory 财产目录 inventory movement 存货动态 perpetual inventory 永续盘存 inventory change 存货变动
【近义词】
list 目录 stock 存货 catalogue 目录 record 唱片 account 账户 register 登记 roster 值勤表 stock list 证券行情表 collection 收集 catalog 目录 portfolio 文件夹 roll 卷 array 一系列 supply 供应 range 范围 accounting 会计 invoice 发货单 bill 帐单 take stock 作出判断 inventorying 动词inventory的... stocktaking 存货盘点 armoury 军械库 stock-taking 库存盘点 armory 军械库 stock-take 盘点
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invocation
英 [ˌɪnvə'keɪʃn] 美 [ˌɪnvə'keɪʃn]
词形变化：invocational
详尽释义
n.(名词)
1. 祈祷，祈愿，祈求
2. 符咒，咒语
3. 乞求神助，乞灵
4. 念咒召唤魔鬼
5. 【法律】(法院对另案的)文件调取；(法权的)行使；(法规、条文等)援引
6. 求助，调用，启用
7. 法官正式要求提供有关未审案件的证件
英英释义
Noun:
1. a prayer asking God's help as part of a religious service
2. an incantation used in conjuring or summoning a devil
3. calling up a spirit or devil
4. the act of appealing for help
例句
用作名词 (n.)
A warlock can use this invocation to dispel magic. 一个邪术师可以使用这个能力来解除法术。
词汇搭配
procedure invocation 过程引用 recursive invocation [计] 递归调用 invocation point 引用点
【近义词】
entreaty 恳求 prayer 祈祷 supplication 恳求 conjuration 戏法 call 呼叫 request 请求 petition 请愿书 charm 魅力 appeal 恳求；呼吁 invitation 邀请 solicitation 恳求 blessing 祝福 plea 恳求 conjury 施魔法 conjuring 魔术
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