Words and Expressions (A) |
Words and Expressions (A)
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acyclic
英 [ˌeɪ'saɪklɪk] 美 [ˌeɪ'saɪklɪk]
释义
adj.非循环式的；无环的
英英释义
Adjective:
1. not cyclic; especially having parts arranged in spirals rather than whorls
2. having an open chain structure
词汇搭配
acyclic dynamo 单极发电机 acyclic stem-nucleus 无环母核 acyclic machine 单极电机 acyclic circuit 非周期电路 acyclic set 非循环序集 acyclic terpene 无环萜烯 acyclic process 非循环过程 acyclic elastomer 无环弹性体 acyclic network 非循环网络 acyclic generator 单极发电机 acyclic hydrocarbon 无环烃 acyclic relay 交流不动继电器 acyclic feeding 非周期输送 acyclic graph 非循环图,无圈图 acyclic hypergraph 非循环超图 acyclic compound无环化合物
【近义词】
open-chain[化]开链的
【反义词】
cyclic循环的
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adage
英 ['ζdɪdʒ] 美 ['ζdɪdʒ]
释义
n.格言；谚语；古话
Noun:
a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people
例句
用作名词 (n.)
The adage really enlightened me since my youth. 这句格言从我青年时代起就给了我真正的启示。
Nearly 150 years later, variations of this adage are still quoted. 差不多在150年之后，这个变化了的谚语一直被引用。
But the old adage that men grow into office has not proved true in my experience. 但是，根据我的经验，人们所谓的工作岗位造就人材这句古话并不正确。
【近义词】
proverb谚语 maxim格言 motto座右铭 saw锯 saying谚语 axiom公理 truth事实 byword代名词
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ad-hoc
英 ['ζd'hɒk] 美 ['ζd'hɒk]
特定； 专门； 临时
形容词 ad hoc:
often improvised or impromptu
for or concerned with one specific purpose
副词 ad hoc:
for one specific case
例句
The government agency recommended cognitive radio technology for use in low-power ad hoc networks in unused TV bands. 美国政府建议将感知无线电技术用于未使用电视频带中的低功率特定网路。
Simulation results showed that the system can make more accurate trust inferences than ad hoc context-aware systems. 仿真结果表明，该方案的信任度估算比其他使用特定算法的系统更精确。
We have a special department devoted to designing the best ad for your company. 我们有个特别专门为贵公司个别设计最好的广告。
You disconnect from the ad hoc network. 临时网络断开连接。
The actress often forgot her lines but was very good at ad libbing. 那个女演员常忘台词，却极擅长临时拼凑。
词汇搭配
ad hoc arbitration特别仲裁 ad hoc approach专门方法 ad hoc request特别要求 Ad hoc committee特设委员会 ad hoc fashion特定方式 ad hoc特定的 ad hoc judge专案法官 ad hoc analysis专门分析 ad hoc function特定功能 ad hoc assignment临时任务,专门委派的工作 ad hoc logic专门逻辑
ad-hoc:简介 构成一种特殊的无线网络应用模式，一群计算机接上无线网络卡 功能 即可相互连接，资源共享，无需透过Access Point
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adverse
英 ['ζdvɜːs] 美 ['ζdvɜːrs]
adj.(形容词)
不利的，有害的
相反的，反面的，逆向的，逆的
敌对的，反对的，有敌意的，对立的
对面的
不幸的
【植】对生的
违背，与...有悖
不良，不佳
在相反的方向上移动的
英英释义
Adjective:
contrary to your interests or welfare;
"adverse circumstances"
"made a place for themselves under the most untoward conditions"
in an opposing direction;
"adverse currents"
"a contrary wind"
例句
用作形容词 (adj.)
The judge gave us an adverse decision. 法官作出对我们不利的判决。
He ignored all kinds of adverse comments about him. 他不理睬各种各样对他不利的评论。
The development was adverse to our interests. 这种发展与我们的利益背道而驰。
Diseases are adverse to the best growth of children. 疾病对儿童的健康成长是有害的。
常见句型
用作形容词 (adj.)
用作定语
～+ n.
It was an adverse verdict. 这是一个不利的判决。
The proposal has attracted a lot of adverse comment. 这个建议招来很多非难。
The ship was sailing in the adverse wind. 船在逆风中航行。
用作表语
S+be+～+ prep. -phrase
Dirt and disease are adverse to the best growth of children. 肮脏与疾病对儿童健康成长不利。
The result is adverse to his wishes. 结果和他的愿望相反。
He is adverse to going abroad. 他反对出国。
What he has done is adverse to what he has said. 他所做的与他所说的相反。
词汇搭配
用作形容词 (adj.)
～+名词
adverse circumstance 逆境adverse comment 非难adverse condition 逆境adverse criticism 非难adverse currents 逆流adverse effect 不利影响adverse fate 厄运adverse opinion 反面意见adverse page 反面adverse reaction 异议adverse trade balance 贸易逆差adverse verdict 不利的判决adverse winds 逆风副词+～
openly adverse 公开反对～+介词
adverse to 对
不利的,与
相反的adverse to sb's interests 违背某人的利益adverse to sb's wishes 违背某人的愿望
词语用法
adj.(形容词)
adverse基本意思是不利的,有害的,主要指在某人取得进步或成功的道路上起障碍作用的事物; 还可表示反对的,相反的。
adverse在句中可用作定语或表语,其后可跟介词to。
adverse作逆向的；(位置上)相反的解时不用于比较等级；作不利的；有害的不友好的；敌意的解时可用于比较等级。
词义辨析
opposite contrary adverse reverse converse
这些形容词均含相反的、对立的之意。
opposite:opposite指位置、方向、行动或想法等完全相反。
contrary:contrary一般指与某种主张、看法或行为等正好相反，隐含否定一方并不意味着肯定另一方的意味。
adverse:adverse通常指违害利益的、无生命的势力或条件等，侧重分歧。
reverse:reverse指朝相反方向的或反面(背面)的。
converse:converse指在方向、行动或意见上相反的。
【同义词】
contrary hurtful opposite unlucky
【反义词】
favorable friendly
派生词
adj.(形容词)
adversely adv. 不利地
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advertisement
英 [əd'vɜːtɪsmənt] 美 [ˌζdvər'taɪzmənt]
n.(名词)
广告，宣传，宣扬
公告，告示，通告，通知
启事，启示
做广告，登广告
号召
广告（样）品
广告活动， 广告宣传
Noun:
a public promotion of some product or service
例句
用作名词 (n.)
A lot of people replied to our advertisement. 有许多人对我们的广告作出了反应。
They inserted an advertisement in the newspaper. 他们在这家报纸上刊登一则广告。
The wall was covered with advertisements. 墙上贴满了广告。
Advertisement could help to sell goods. 广告能帮助推销商品。
常见句型
用作名词 (n.)
If you want to sell your house property, why not put an advertisement in the newspaper? 如果你想卖掉你的房产,何不在报纸上登个广告呢?
The newspaper usually carries several pages of advertisement. 这家报纸通常登载数版广告。
She cut the advertisement out of the newspaper. 她从报纸上将广告剪下。
He glanced his eyes down the classified advertisements. 他浏览分类广告栏。
词汇搭配
用作名词 (n.)
动词+～
answer an advertisement 应征广告 believe in advertisements 相信广告 insert an advertisement in a magazine 在杂志上登广告 place an advertisement in a magazine 在杂志上登广告 put an advertisement in a magazine 在杂志上登广告 run an advertisement in a magazine 在杂志上登广告 issue an advertisement 发行广告 publish an advertisement for 为
登广告 withdraw one's advertisement 撤回广告 write an advertisement 书写广告
形容词+～
authoritative advertisement 权威性的广告 classified advertisements 分类广告 deceptive advertisement 骗人的广告 effective advertisement 有效的广告 exaggerated advertisement 夸大其词的广告,虚假的广告 full-page advertisement 整页〔版〕广告 influential advertisement 有影响力的广告 instructive advertisement 有教育性的广告 trustful advertisement 真实的广告 walking advertisement 活动广告
名词+～
magazine advertisement 杂志广告 neon light advertisement 霓虹灯广告
～+名词
advertisement board 广告牌 advertisement expenditure 广告费 advertisement manager 广告部经理
介词+～
influence by advertisements 受广告的影响 column of advertisement 广告专栏
词语用法
n.(名词)
advertisement的基本意思是出公告做广告,登广告,指做广告的行为,是不可数名词; 还可指推销或征求货物、服务等广告,作此解时, advertisement可缩略为ad或advert,是可数名词。
【同义词】
notice publicity
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advisory 扩展词汇
英 [əd'vaɪzəri] 美 [əd'vaɪzəri]
adj.(形容词)
顾问的
劝告的，忠告的
咨询的，提供咨询的
警告的
n.(名词)
报告
公告，通告，通报
警报
咨询员
Noun:
an announcement that usually advises or warns the public of some threat;
"a frost advisory"
Adjective:
giving advice;
"an advisory memorandum"
"his function was purely consultative"
例句
用作形容词 (adj.)
The advisory group has outlived its usefulness. 顾问组已失去了它的作用。
The advisory body lacks executive powers. 顾问团没有执行权力。
We operate as an advisory service for schools. 我们为学校提供咨询服务。
The president reshuffled the advisory committee. 总统改组了咨询委员会。
She wrote him an advisory letter. 她给他写了一封劝告信。
词汇搭配
advisory route建议路由 advisory board顾问委员会 advisory engineer顾问工程师 advisory lights辅助灯 advisory body顾问团 advisory committee顾问委员会 advisory area咨询区 advisory panel顾问团 advisory commission咨询委员会 advisory group顾问组 advisory service咨询机构 radar advisory雷达报告 advisory jurisdiction咨询管辖权
【近义词】
consultative 咨询的 counselling 咨询 consultive 咨询的 consultatory 咨询的 helping 帮助 recommendatory 推荐的 prudential 谨慎的 notice 注意 consulting 商议的 report 报告 professional 职业的 caution 警告 deliberative 慎重的 recommending 推荐；建议；劝告；使受欢迎；使可取 forewarning 预先警告的 conferring商讨；授予，赐予 expert 专家 counseling 顾问服务 review 复习
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advise
英 [əd'vaɪz] 美 [əd'vaɪz]
双解释义
v.(动词)
1. vt. & vi. 劝告,提建议 give advice to (sb), tell sb what one thinks should be done; warn, caution, offer counsel; give an opinion, recommend
2. vt. (商业)通知,报告 inform; give information or notice to sb (business style)
英英释义
Verb:
1. give advice to;
"The teacher counsels troubled students"
"The lawyer counselled me when I was accused of tax fraud"
2. inform (somebody) of something;
"I advised him that the rent was due"
3. make a proposal, declare a plan for something;
"the senator proposed to abolish the sales tax"
例句
用作及物动词 (vt.)
They advised her against marrying quickly. 他们劝她不要太快结婚。
Please advise us when the goods are dispatched. 请通知我们何时发货。
He can advise on how to learn English well. 他能就如何学好英语提出忠告。
I would advise you to keep out of the way when the teacher is rousting out the bad boys in the class. 我要忠告你，当老师训斥班上调皮学生的时候，你要避开一点。
She advises the Government on economic affairs. 她向政府提出经济方面的建议。
We advised that they should start early/advised them to start early. 我们建议他们应该及早开始。
用作不及物动词 (vi.)
The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. 而有效遵守纪律的学生们往往是那些经常给校方提建议的学生。
Charles Darwin I have found the best way to give advice to your children is to find out what they want and then advise them to do it. 我发现给孩子提建议最好的方法就是先弄明白他们想干什么然后建议他们去干这些事。
常见句型
用作动词 (v.)
用作不及物动词
S+～(+A)
I'll act as you advise. 我将按你的意见行事。
Will you advise on these points? 关于这几点请你提提意见好吗?
When a person gives advice, he advises. 当一个人向别人提出忠告时,他就是在进行劝导。
It is easy for you to advise, but difficult to take advice from others. 劝告别人容易,接受劝告就难了。
The playwright was invited to advise in the production. 剧作家应邀对创作提出意见。
用作及物动词
S+～+ pron./n.
I want you to advise me. 希望你给我忠告。
I'm only trying to advise you. 我不过想给你个忠告。
There is no one to advise her. 没有人去劝她。
You'll be able to advise us. 你一定能给我们出主意。
A lawyer should advise his clients as to their legal rights. 律师应对其委托人争取合法权益出主意。
We need some qualified person to advise us in the matter of the investment of the trust funds. 在把信托基金用于投资的问题上,我们需要有一个内行给我们当参谋。
The control-room listened carefully and then advised the astronauts. 控制室仔细地听着,然后给宇航员提出忠告。
What would you advise? 你有什么建议?
He advised prudence. 他劝告要谨慎从事。
We advised an early start. 我们建议早点开始。
The doctor advises a change of air. 医生建议换换空气。
The secretary advised immediate settlement of the issue. 秘书建议立即解决这个问题。
I will advise you in a day or two. 过一两天我会通知你。
He had advised the city police station. 他已经通知市警察局。
用于be ～ed结构
Be advised by me. 接受我的意见吧。
S+～+ v -ing
I'd advise taking a different approach. 我建议换个方法。
She advised holding a class meeting. 她提议召开一次班会。
He advised losing some weight, getting plenty of sleep and eating good meals. 他建议减肥,有充足的睡眠并要吃得好一点。
He advised reading the letter carefully before answering it. 他建议在回信之前把信好好地看看。
They advised investigating the cause of the railway accident. 他们建议调查列车发生事故的原因。
My brother advised waiting till the proper time. 我兄弟建议等到适当的时候。
They advised putting off the meeting till next week. 他们建议把会议推迟到下星期。
His mother advised his starting at once. 他母亲建议他马上动身。
Who advised his making that statement? 谁劝他发表那个声明的?
S+～+that-clause
He advised that she not get up so late. 他劝她不要那么晚起床。
Tom advised that they be printed. 汤姆建议把它印刷出来。
引出直接引语
Don't go jumping to conclusions, Minnie advised. 不要贸然下结论,明尼劝说。
用作双宾动词
S+～+ pron./n. +wh-to- v
I advised her where to stay. 我向她提议在何处逗留。
Can you advise me how to do it? 你看我该怎么办好?
S+～+ pron./n. +that-clause
I advised her that she should wait. 我劝她应当等一等。
We have advised her that we are coming. 我们已通知她,我们要来。
A stone guidepost advised him that Gaza was still eight miles distant. 一块指路碑告诉他离加沙还有8英里。
We are to advise you that the matter is under consideration. 此事已在考虑之中,特此通知。
用于be ～ed结构
We have been advised that the roads are too icy for the trip. 有人告诉我们公路上已结满了冰,不宜旅行。
S+～+ pron./n. +wh-clause
Would you advise me where I should spend my holidays this summer? 你给我参谋参谋今年夏天我在哪儿度假好?
Please advise us whether we should have such activities. 请你们提出意见,我们是否应该举办这类活动。
Please advise me whether I should buy the house at once. 请告诉我,是否我应马上买下那房子。
Please advise me which is the best. 请告诉我哪个最好。
Please advise us when the goods are dispatched. 发货时请通知我们。
Will you advise us when the goods should arrive? 请通知货物将在什么时候到达?
Please advise us whether the goods should be dispatched at once. 请通知我们是否要立即发货。
引出直接引语
Don't believe everything you hear,Nick! he advised me. 别听什么都信以为真,尼克,他告诫我说。
用作宾补动词
S+～+ pron./n. +to- v
What would you advise me to do? 你想要我做些什么?
I strongly advised you not to do so. 我竭力主张你不要这样做。
You want to find your sister tonight,I advise you to look in the Boylan Estate. 今晚你想要找你姐姐,我劝你到博伊兰庄园去找。
I earnestly advised him to cooperate. 我诚挚地劝说他合作。
The doctor advised him not to drink excessively. 医生劝他不要饮酒过度。
I advised myself to send up a little repast suitable to so delicate young palates. 我考虑筵席必须准备得精美可口,以适合这些年轻姑娘的口味。
I can safely advise you to buy it. 我劝你买它是不会错的。
I strongly advise you to rid yourself of the bad habit of smoking. 我竭力主张你要改掉吸烟的坏习惯。
They advised me to travel for the benefit of my health. 他们劝我去旅游以便增进健康。
He often advises people to use their brains. 他常常劝人多用脑子。
Doctors advised me to have it removed. 大夫们劝我把它割掉。
They often give talks, advising children to acquire hygienic habits. 他们常作报告,告诫孩子们养成良好的卫生习惯。
If you don't feel well,I advise you to stay in bed. 如果你感到不舒服,我建议你卧床休息。
用于be ～ed结构
So they were advised to form another fire company. 所以有人建议他们另外成立一个消防队。
S+～+ n./pron. +to be adj.
I advised him to be cautious. 我劝他要当心。
常用短语
用作动词 (v.)
advise about〔on〕 (v.+prep.)
(就某事或做某事)向某人提出建议或忠告 give sb advice about〔on〕 sth or doing sth
advise sb about〔on〕 sth
Priests advise their churchgoers about many personal troubles. 牧师就许多人的烦恼问题向常去做礼拜的教徒提了忠告。
He advised her about her business affairs. 他对她的生意经营提出一些意见。
I advised him on technical matters. 我就有关技术问题向他提出自己的见解。
I have advised you on that subject. 就这个问题我给你提过建议。
She advises the government on economic affairs. 她就经济形势向政府提出建议。
Perhaps you are the best man to advise me on this question. 在这个问题上,你可能是能给我提出建议的最合适的人。
advise sb about〔on〕 v-ing
Experienced seamen will advise you about sailing in this weather. 有经验的海员会告诉你在这种天气条件下的航行情况。
advise sb about〔on〕 wh-to-v
The teachers advised the freshmen on how to use their time to the best advantage. 老师指导一年级新生如何充分利用时间。
advise sb about〔on〕 wh-clause
Experienced seamen will advise you about whether you should sail the boat in this weather. 有经验的海员会告诉你在这种天气条件下是否可以航行。
advise against (v.+prep.)
告诫; 强烈反对 warn sb not to do sth; turn against strongly
advise against sth
In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar. 对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
advise sb against sth/v-ing
Father advised me against the danger. 爸爸劝我提防危险。
Her mother advised her against marrying in haste. 她母亲劝她不要匆匆结婚。
advise of (v.+prep.)
向某人告知某事或提醒某事 give information or warning to sb about sth
advise sb of sth
I advised you of the danger. 我提醒你提防危险。
The motoring organizations have advised motorists of thick mists on the mountains. 摩托车俱乐部已通知车手山上有浓雾。
Please advise me of any change of address. 如地址有变化,敬请通知。
He has not advised his friends of his marriage. 他未把他的婚事通知朋友们。
I'll advise you of my future plan. 我会把今后的打算告诉你的。
The nurses advised the doctors of the conditions of their patients. 护士向医生报告病人的情况。
He advised me of his whereabouts. 他把他的行踪告诉了我。
Please advise us of the dispatch of the goods. 请通知我们货物的发运情况。
用于 be ～ed 结构
He has been advised of the state of the market. 他已得知市场的行情。
The room began filled with offspring who were advised of their sister's betrothal. 那些得到姐姐订婚消息的晚辈们开始挤进她的房间。
advise with (v.+prep.)
〈美〉商量,商议; 从某处得到意见 meet and talk with; get advice from sb; take counsel with
advise with sb/sth
I could advise with no one. 我无人可商量。
You'll advise with him on these points. 这几点你要和他商量一下。
Before buying a house he advised with friends who owned houses. 买房前他请教了有房的朋友们。
Before making any decision, the President usually advises with leading members of his special information committee. 在作出任何决定之前,总统通常与其特别顾问委员会的主要成员进行磋商。
She has gone to advise with her classmates about going to the countryside. 她已经去找同学们商量下乡的事。
He'll advise with his parents on his studies. 他将同父母商讨他的学习问题。
He advised with his colleagues on the teaching programme. 他与同事们商讨教学计划。
He inspects their farms and advises with them on the best farming methods. 他视察了他们的农场并与他们商讨最佳耕作方法。
I shall advise with my friends as to what is to be done. 至于该做些什么事,我会与朋友们协商好。
词汇搭配
用作动词 (v.)
～+名词
advise one's friends 通知朋友们 advise the city police 通知市警察局 advise the government 向政府提出建议 advise a change of air 建议换换空气 advise a complete rest 建议全休 advise an early start 建议早点动身 advise extreme caution 建议要极端谨慎 advise prudence 劝
谨慎 advise secrecy 建议严守秘密 advise going slow 劝(某人)慢走 advise taking a different approach 建议采取不同的方法～+副词
advise briefly 简洁地劝告 advise brusquely 粗暴地警告 advise brutally 蛮横地提意见 advise cautiously 小心地劝说 advise cleverly 机敏地告诫 advise coolly 冷静地劝告,冷淡地告知 advise disinterestedly 无私地忠告 advise earnestly 诚挚地劝告 advise explicitly 直率地劝告 advise fervently 热心地劝告 advise impartially 公正地劝告 advise incompetently 不适当地建议 advise intelligently 明智地建议 advise moderately 温和地劝说 advise needlessly 不必要地劝告 advise pertinently 中肯地劝告 advise rashly 贸然提议 advise rightly 正当告诫 advise safely 很有把握地主张 advise sagely 明智地建议 advise shrewdly 机灵地劝告 advise solemnly 严肃地提议 advise strenuously 热烈地商议,紧张地商议 advise strongly 竭力劝告advise unhesitatingly 毫不犹豫地建议 advise unselfishly 大公无私地建议 advise urgently 强硬地劝说 advise wisely 明智地劝告～+介词
advise sb against smoking 劝某人不要吸烟 advise sb against the danger 劝某人提防危险 advise sb against the use of sugar 劝某人不要吃糖
词语用法
advise有时指劝人采用
，
I will not advise such a course of action.
advise against指劝人不采用
，
I advise against such a course of action.
advise后可接动名词形式，但不可直接加不定式，如可说He advises trying once more，但不可说He advises to try once more；
意为劝某人。。。时，advise接指人的词后可加不定式。表达相反意思劝某人不。。。时，advise在指人的词后加not加不定式或against加动名词均可。
He advised her to read carefully.
He advised her not to read carelessly.
He advised her against reading carelessly.
advised后接that从句时，从句中的动词常用虚拟现在式。
I advised that he write the report very carefully.(不用wrote)
advise可指通知或报告，常用在公文和商业文件里。
They have advised us of the arrival of the goods.
句型You would be well advised to ...中，advice指我认为你应该。。。，是英国公文中的陈套语；
advise him指劝告他，advise with him指跟他商量（不普遍使用）。
v.(动词)
advise的基本意思是劝告,提出建议,在旧时和现今的美式英语中还表示向某人请教,与某人商量。advise在商业用语中可作通知,报告解,是正式用法。
advise的搭配范围很广,生活中重要的和一般的事物均可使用。
advise用作及物动词时,其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词,也可以是that从句。advise也可接双宾语,其直接宾语可由名词、带疑问词的动词不定式和that/wh-从句充当。advise还可接由动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。
advise可用以引出直接引语,可用于被动结构。
advise间或可用作不及物动词。
advise作劝告解时其后的that从句须用虚拟式。具体说来, that从句作宾语时谓语动词可用动词原形,也可用should+动词原形; that从句用作双宾语中的直接宾语时,谓语动词多用should+动词原形。advise作建议解时谓语动词多用虚拟式,作通知解时一般要用陈述式。
advise的人称宾语后可接动词不定式,也可接that从句,例如：她劝她丈夫不要吸烟。可译为She advised her husband not to smoke.也可译为She advised her husband that he shouldn't smoke.这两种译法中前者更合乎习惯。
advise+ n./pron. +to- v 结构中的动词不定式一般认为是宾语补足语,但近来有语法学家认为该动词不定式在句中作双宾语中的直接宾语,只要用提问的方式把动词不定式变为答语,就可以知道这种观点的根据所在了。例如：What did he advise you?He asked me to rest.他建议你干什么?他叫我休息。
advise with sb on〔about〕 sth 作与
商量
解,在英式英语中是古旧用法,但在美式英语中却是现代的正规用法。英式英语中表示与
商量
用consult with sb on〔about〕 sth。
词义辨析
v.(动词)
advise sb to-v, advise v-ing
这两种结构的区别在于：
1.充当的句子成分不同：advise后的动名词是直接宾语; 而动词不定式是宾语补足语。
2.动作的逻辑主体不同：动词不定式所表示的动作的逻辑主体是其前的sb,即advise的宾语,与句子的主语不是同一个〔些〕人; 而动名词所表示的动作的逻辑主体或者没有明确指出,或者由其前的物主代词表示; 可能是与句子主语不同的人,也可能是包括句子主语在内的一些人。综合上述两点,简言之,以人作宾语时用动词不定式作宾语补足语; 不以人而以动作作直接宾语时用动名词。试比较以下两句：
I wouldn't advise taking the car; there's nowhere to park. 我不主张开车去,那儿没地方停车。
I wouldn't advise you to take the car; there's nowhere to park. 我劝你不要开车去,那儿没地方停车。
advise with, advise sb
二者的区别在于：advise with其后常接人作宾语,即advise with sb,意为与人商量,句中的主语和with的宾语是以比较平等、友好的方式进行交谈、协商,属于美式英语的正式用法; advise sb 是劝告某人做或不做某事,常出现在advise sb to do sth 、advise sb not to do sth 或advise sb against sth/doing sth结构中。
advise, acquaint, inform, notify, tell
这组词的共同意思是通知,其区别是：
1.除tell外是一般用词,其余各词均为正式用词。
2.在通知的手段上, acquaint主要指向某人提供资料; tell是指将某事直接告诉某人或把某些内容向他人讲述,即口头通知; inform既可指提供有关资料或信息,也可指直接告知某事; notify指正式用书面通知; advise则常用于商业活动,既可指书面通知,即通告,电告,也可指口头告知或电话通知,但不一定是正式的。
3.在通知的内容上, acquaint常用于范围广泛的内容复杂的信息; tell多指一个故事或一件事; inform既可指重要的信息,也可指普通的一件事; advise多指商业活动中对方应知晓的信息; notify则指严肃的事或对方应知晓的事,暗含事情紧迫,需立即答复或处理的意味。
4.在用法上,这组词均为及物动词,可跟简单宾语或间接宾语+that/wh-从句, acquaint还可跟with短语,常用于被动结构; advise还可跟of短语; inform还可跟含带疑问词的动词不定式和含介词as to或about的复合宾语; notify还常跟of短语和含动词不定式的复合宾语,常用于被动结构。
advise, caution
这组词都有劝告的意思。其区别在于:
1.advise的意思是建议劝告忠告; caution的意思是警告告诫。
2.advise指依据个人的经验、学识或正确判断而提出的供人参考的肺腑之言,希望被人接受；caution则强调给人以警告,使其防范某人或某物,或采取某行动。
advise, counsel
这两个词的共同意思是劝告。其区别在于：
1.advise可用于对重要的事情提出意见或劝告,也可用于对一般事情提出意见或劝告; 而counsel则主要用于对重要的事情提出意见或劝告。例如：
Would you counsel our giving up the plan?你会建议我们放弃这个计划吗?
2.语气上, counsel比advise更正式庄重,指深思熟虑后郑重提出的意见或建议。
3.advise的名词形式是advice,而counsel名词与动词同形。
advise, persuade
参见persuade条。
advise caution warn admonish counsel
这些动词均有劝告、忠告、警告之意。
advise:advise普通用词，泛指劝告，不涉及对方是否听从劝告。
caution:caution主要指针对有潜在危险而提出的警告，含小心从事的意味。
warn:warn含义与caution相同，但语气较重，尤指重后果。
admonish:admonish一般指年长者或领导对已犯错误的或有过失的人提出的忠告或警告以避免类似错误。
counsel:counsel正式用词，语气比advise强一些，侧重指对重要问题提出的劝告、建议或咨询。
inform acquaint notify advise
这些动词都有通知、告知之意。
inform:inform普通用词，指传达事实或信息，或指经过研究或调查而获得的事实或信息。
acquaint:acquaint指提供有关信息或情况使某人熟悉某些过程或复杂的情况。
notify:notify指正式通知需要注意的事情。
advise:advise指正式通知某件重要事，所通知的事情与被通知的人有关。
【同义词】
counsel induce inform notify persuade recommend suggest urge warn
派生词
v.(动词)
advisor,-er n. 顾问；提建议者
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alias
英 ['eɪliəs] 美 ['eɪliəs]
释义
n.(名词)
1. 别名
2. 化名
3. 假名
4. 替换入口
5. 同义名
6. 假频
adv.(副词)
1. 别名（叫）
2. 化名（为）
3. 又名
4. 亦名
5. 以化名为人所知
6. 别称
7. 又叫
8. 又被称为
9. 另外地
英英释义
Noun:
1. a name that has been assumed temporarily
Adverb:
1. as known or named at another time or place;
"Mr. Smith, alias Mr. Lafayette"
例句
用作名词 (n.)
1. The name is not an official host name or alias. 该名称不是正式的主机名或别名。
2. It is not permitted for an alias to refer to another alias. 不允许一个别名参考另一个别名。
3. He checked into the hotel under an alias. 他用化名登记住进旅馆。
4. The thief's real name was John Smith, alias Edward Ball. 这小偷的真名是约翰史密斯，化名叫爱德华鲍尔。
anti-alias filter防失真滤波器
【近义词】
pseudonym 假名
assumed name 假名
a.k.a. 又名，亦称(=as known as)
pen name 笔名
nom de plume <法> 笔名
stage name 艺名
named 出名的
called 动词call的过去式,动...
designated 指定的
under the name of 名叫
false name 假名
also known as 也称为
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alpine
英 ['ζlpaɪn] 美 ['ζlpaɪn]
adj. 高山的；阿尔卑斯山的；阿尔卑斯山区居民的
n. 高山植物
英英释义
Adjective:
1. relating to or characteristic of alps;
"alpine sports"
2. relating to the Alps and their inhabitants;
"Alpine countries, Switzerland, Italy, France, and Germany"
3. living or growing above the timber line;
"alpine flowers"
例句
用作形容词 (adj.)
Alpine flowers are short. 高山上的花很矮。
Alpine skiing is more dangerous and so more exciting. 高山滑雪要危险些，因而更令人兴奋。
The book conveys a real enthusiasm for the high alpine peaks. 这本书对阿尔卑斯山峰表达了一种真正的热爱。
Summer came and flowers colored the Alpine meadows. 夏天来了，花朵将阿尔卑斯山的草原点缀得五彩缤纷。
词汇搭配
alpine tundra 高山冻原 alpine belt 高山带,高山地带 alpine sack 登山背囊 alpine pasture 高山牧场,高山放牧地 alpine hemlock 高山铁杉 alpine zone 高山带 alpine garden 奇石园,岩石庭园 alpine glow 高山辉 alpine jacket 登山上衣 alpine vegetation 高山植被 alpine climate 高山气候 Alpine skiing 高山滑雪 alpine glacier 阿尔卑斯型冰川,高山冰川 alpine plant 高山植物 alpine relief 高山地形 alpine kiln 纵形炭窑,直立炭窑
近反义词
【近义词】
mountainous 多山的 mountain 大量 high-altitude 高海拔的 hilly 多小山的 high 高的
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apprise[ə'praiz]
vt. 通知, 报告
1. I was apprised of the committee's decision. 我已获悉委员会的决定。
2. I'm glad to apprise you that you are the winner. 我很高兴地通知您，您获奖了。
【同义词】
inform v.通知, 告诉, 使熟... prime adj.最好的, 首要的... acquaint vt.使了解, 使熟知,... notify v.通知, 报告, 通告 apprize vt. 估价 appreciate vt.欣赏, 赏识, 感... give notice 通知 send word 通知, 转告 advise vt.劝告, 通知, 忠告... instruct v. 教, 命令, ...
英英解释
动词 apprise :
1. inform (somebody) of something
同义词: advise, notify, give notice, send word, apprize
2. make aware of
同义词: instruct, apprize
3. gain in value
同义词: appreciate, apprize, revalue
4. increase the value of
同义词: appreciate, apprize
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appropriate ['pruprit] a. 适当的
appropriateness n. 适当性(适合程度)
英英解释
动词appropriate:
1. give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause 同义词：allow, earmark, set aside, reserve
2. take possession of by force, as after an invasion 同义词：capture, seize, conquer
形容词appropriate:
1. suitable for a particular person or place or condition etc
2. appropriate for achieving a particular end; implies a lack of concern for fairness 同义词：advantageous
3. meant or adapted for an occasion or use 同义词：suitable, suited
4. suitable and fitting 同义词：harmonious
5. being of striking appropriateness and pertinence 同义词：apposite, apt, pertinent
相关例句
1.Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. 简单朴素的衣服适合在学校里穿。
2.The minister was found to have appropriated government money. 部长被查出挪用了公款。
3.The government has appropriated a large sum of money for building hospitals. 政府为修建医院拨出了大笔款项。
4.Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal wedding. 运动服用於正式婚礼中是不适当的.
5.You will be informed of the details at the appropriate time. 在适当的时候将把详情告诉你.
6.He was accused of appropriating club funds. 他被控告挪用俱乐部基金.
7.His formal style of speaking was appropriate to the occasion. 他郑重其事的讲话方式适合於那个场合.
8.Upon reaching an appropriate age, children are encouraged, but not forced, to "leave the nest". 一达到适当的年龄，孩子们就被鼓励，而不是被强迫，"离开老窝"。
常见句型
用作形容词 (adj.)
用作定语
～+ n.
Complain to the appropriate authority! 到合适的上司面前抱怨去！
Complaints must be addressed to the appropriate authority. 投诉必须向适当的主管当局提出。
Would a camera be an appropriate present for a ten-year-old child？ 送十岁的孩子照相机作礼物合不合适？
Tell him the truth at an appropriate time. 在适当的时间告诉他真相。
This isn't the appropriate time to discuss the problem. 这不是讨论该问题的合适时间。
Is now an appropriate time to make a speech? 现在发表演讲是不是时候？
I think this is an appropriate moment to raise the question of my promotion. 我认为这是提出我的晋升问题的适当时刻。
He always tries his best to give the appropriate examples to illustrate the usage of an expression. 他总是尽力举出恰当的例子来说明词语的用法。
An appropriate solution to the present trouble is not far to seek. 解决目前困难的恰当办法是不难找到的。
Appropriate arrangements will be made for their work and livelihood. 他们的工作和生活会得到妥善安排。
Please complete the appropriate parts of this form and return it as soon as possible. 请填写表格中应填的部分，并尽快交回。
The manager should take appropriate action if safety standards are not being met. 如果没有达到安全标准，经理应该采取适当的措施。
Now that the problem has been identified, appropriate action can be taken. 在既已找出问题的症结，即可采取适当行动。
This isn't an appropriate occasion to discuss finance. 在这个场合谈钱的事是不合适的。
Those countries should have an appropriate organization to uphold their interests. 那些国家应当有个适当的组织来维护他们的利益。
To have good results the needle must be inserted rather deep at the appropriate acupuncture point. 要得到良好的疗效就必须在恰当的针灸穴位上把针扎得相当深。
We consider these to be appropriate demands. 我们认为这些是适当的要求。
We should take appropriate measures to improve our teaching. 我们应当采取适当的措施提高教学质量。
n. +～+ prep. -phrase
This is, indeed, a position appropriate for him. 这对他的确是一个恰当的职位。
We should write in a style appropriate to the subject matter. 我们应该用和题材相称的文体写作。
n. +～+to- v
I've been invited to her wedding but I haven't got anything appropriate to wear. 我被邀请参加她的婚礼，但我没有合适的衣服穿着去。
用作表语
S+be+～
Please do whatever you think is appropriate. 你认为怎么做好就怎么做。
This metaphor is very appropriate. 这个比喻很贴切。
Your quotation from the commentary is highly appropriate. 你引用的那篇评论中的话十分恰当。
S+be+～+ prep. -phrase
It is equally appropriate as a recourse book for students wishing to improve their skills on their own. 作为一本自学读本,它同样适合渴望通过自学提高技能的学生使用。
I didn't think his comments were very appropriate at the time. 我认为他的议论在当时是不够妥当的。
He has recently got a position that is appropriate for her. 他最近找到了一个很适合于她的职位。
Clothes of this kind are not appropriate for a workshop. 这种衣服不适合在车间穿。
Jeans are not appropriate for a formal party. 正式聚会上穿牛仔裤不合适。
The stranger's dress is out of place while his manner is quite appropriate for the party. 那个陌生人穿的衣服与宴会不相称,但他的举止很合时宜。
Plain,simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. 简朴的服装适合上学时穿。
Her bright clothes were not appropriate for a funeral. 她那身鲜艳的衣服不适合参加葬礼。
Her thin shoes weren't appropriate for such muddy paths. 她的鞋太薄，不适宜走这么泥泞的路。
His bright clothes were hardly appropriate for such a solemn occasion. 他那鲜艳的衣服不很适合这样严肃的场合穿。
Some cold drink is appropriate for such a hot day. 这样的大热天，喝点冷饮是有益的。
Extreme remedies are very appropriate for extreme disease. 极端的药适合用于极端的病。
The time is not appropriate for the discussion of this subject. 讨论此项议题尚非其时。
These articles are particularly appropriate for Christmas gifts. 这些礼品很适宜作圣诞礼物。
His remarks were appropriate to the occasion. 他的话应景适时。
The opening speech is appropriate to the occasion. 在那种场合讲那种开场白很合适。
Professor He's behavior was appropriate to time and place. 何教授的举止适合于当时的时间和场合。
The statement of our delegation was singularly appropriate to the occasion. 我们代表团的声明非常适合时宜。
Her clothes were appropriate to the occasion. 她的衣着在那个场合很得体。
The design is not appropriate to a sober environment. 这种图案与严肃的环境不相称。
Her remarks were considerate and very appropriate to the situation. 她的话周到，也很得体。
Cold drinks are particularly appropriate to the hot season. 冷饮特别适于暑天饮用。
We need to ensure the teaching they receive is appropriate to their needs. 我们需确保他们接受的教育符合他们的需要。
It is/was+～+(for sb) to- v
It is not particularly appropriate to tip a bus driver. 给公共汽车司机付小费不太合适。
It's not appropriate to wear casual clothes to a formal banquet. 穿便装出席正式宴会是不恰当的。
It seemed appropriate to end with a joke. 以一个笑话作为结束似乎很恰当。
It wouldn't be appropriate for me to comment on it. 我不宜对此加以评论。
It was not appropriate for her boss to ask her to babysit for his children. 她的老板要求她给他临时看孩子，那样做是不适当的。
It is/was+～+that-clause
It is appropriate that everyone be suitably attired. 人人穿戴得体是恰当的。
It is appropriate that he (should) be present. 他出席是恰当的。
It is singularly appropriate that he (should)be present. 他尤其应该在场。
It is appropriate that he should get the post. 由他担任这一职务是恰当的。
It is appropriate that he should run for Governor. 他竞选州长是恰当的。
It is entirely appropriate that his music should be played at this festival. 他的音乐在这个节日里演奏是完全合适的。
其他
Vary your presentation, using handouts and overheads as appropriate. 适当地使用讲义和投影，让你的陈述多些花样。
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词
S+～+ n./pron.
He appropriated the best bedroom. 他占用了那间最好的寝室。
My daughter is always appropriating my clothes! 我女儿总是乱穿我的衣服！
She appropriated my unread newspaper and never returned it. 她擅自把我没看过的报纸拿去看，并且没有归还。
He tends to appropriate what he borrows. 他动不动就把借来的东西占为己有。
Growing plants appropriate whatever elements they need from the soil and the air. 生长中的植物从土壤与空气中吸取所需要的各种元素。
Let no man appropriate a common benefit. 任何人不得独享公共福利。
The materials are exported in a raw state and other countries appropriate the profits. 这些材料均以原料状态出口，因而让别的国家攫取了利润。
You should not appropriate other people's belongings without their permission. 你不该未经允许私自占有他人之物。
He often appropriates other's ideas. 他时常剽窃别人的见解。
He was accused of appropriating club funds. 他被控盗用俱乐部资金。
The minister was found to have appropriated government money. 部长被查出挪用了公款。
He lost his job when he was found to have appropriated some of the company's money. 当被发现曾挪用公司的部分公款时，他被开除了。
The government has appropriated funds to set up a library here. 政府已拨款在这里建立一个图书馆。
用于be ～ed结构
Some of the opposition party's policies have been appropriated by the government. 反对党的一些政策已被政府照搬照用。
常用短语
用作动词 (v.)
appropriate for( v.+prep. )
为
腾出或拨出(房舍或款项) take or save (sth) officially for (a special purpose)
appropriate sth for sb/sth/v-ing
He appropriated the trust funds for himself.他把信托基金挪作己用。
He has appropriated the company's money for his own use.他挪用公司的钱作为己用。
You can't appropriate the van of the firm for your own use.你不能擅自动用公司的运货车。
The government was forced to appropriate extra funds for the new airport.政府被迫拨出额外的款项来建造新的机场。
The committee appropriated money for the memorial.委员会拨款建造纪念碑。
The legislature appropriated funds for technology in the schools.立法机关为学校添置技术设备拨出专款。
The state appropriates a large amount of money for the development of science and technology each year.国家每年拨出巨款来发展科学技术。
There has been a lot of opposition to the government's plans to appropriate millions of pounds for a new submarine.政府为建造一艘新的潜艇而计划拨款数百万英镑，这招致了一片反对声。
Congress has appropriated money for building the highway.国会已拨下专款建那条公路。
The government has appropriated a large sum of money for building hospitals.政府为建造医院拨出一大笔款项。
用于 be ～ed 结构
1,000,000 yuan has been appropriated for the new school buildings.为了建新校舍，已拨了100万元。
Five million dollars has been appropriated for research into the disease.已拨款500万美元用于这种疾病的研究。
This place is appropriated for a sports ground.这个地方已拨来作运动场。
appropriate to( v.+prep. )
将(某物)分配给
take (sth) by or as if by right for (oneself or one's own use)
appropriate sth to sb/sth
No one is allowed to appropriate state property to himself.谁也不许侵占国家财富。
Congress appropriated the funds to the states.国会给各州拨款。
I see that the director has appropriated the best office to his own use.我知道主任自己已占用了最好的办公室。
It is against the law to appropriate public money to private purpose.挪用公款是违法的。
用于 be ～ed 结构
The room is appropriated to your friend.这房间给你的朋友住。
This hall is appropriated to silent reading.这个大厅专供阅览之用。
词汇搭配
用作形容词 (adj.)
～+名词
appropriate amount of pressure 适当分量的压力appropriate choice of words 恰当的措词appropriate clothes 合适的衣服appropriate extent 适当的程度appropriate manner and method 恰当的方式appropriate measure 恰当的措施appropriate method 恰当的方法appropriate place 恰当的场合appropriate preferential treatment 适当的照顾appropriate readjustments 适当的调整appropriate remarks 恰当的话appropriate response 恰如其分的反应appropriate time 在适当的时间appropriate wording 措词得当～+介词
appropriate for the drama 适合这种戏剧appropriate to the weather 合于时令appropriate to time and place 与时间和地点都相宜
用作动词 (v.)
～+名词
appropriate bedroom 占用寝室appropriate funds 挪用资金appropriate money 挪用公款appropriate state property 挪用国家财富appropriate the van of the firm 挪用公司的货车～+介词
appropriate for 为
腾出〔拨出〕appropriate to 将(某物)分配给
词语用法
adj.(形容词)
appropriate所表示的恰当指的是非常匹配,以至于看起来明显属于该人〔事物〕,而且这种适宜性常给该人〔物〕以一种优雅与魅力。
appropriate后可接介词for或to,表示
是恰当的; appropriate还可用于虚拟语气中。
v.(动词)
appropriate作动词意思是挪用; 占用土地、房屋、家具、款项等,尤指未经批准或非法挪用。
appropriate也可作拨出解,常指为某种用途拨出款项,后接介词to表示拨给
使用,后接介词for表示拨作
之用。
词义辨析
adj.(形容词)
appropriate, fit, proper, suitable
这组词都有适当的合适的意思。其区别是：
1.proper强调经过判断觉得是适宜的、合理的; fit指适合某种目的、用途、条件、要求或某人有能力胜任某种工作或职务等; suitable强调适合某种环境、情况或某种特殊需要; appropriate除指某一事物符合一定的目的外,也可指人、物品、特征、地方、时间等被社会公认为正确。例如:
Thick woollen clothes are not appropriate for a hot summer day.厚的毛衣不适于夏天穿。
They will visit the country again at a proper time.他们将在适当的时候再度访问这个国家。
These clothes are suitable for a weekend.这些衣服适宜于周末穿。
That man is not fit for the position.那个人不适合那一位置。
2.proper是较正式的用法; fit是最普通用法。
【同义词】
adj.(形容词)
applicable proper right
【反义词】
adj.(形容词)
inappropriate inapt unfit wrong
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artificial
英 [ˌɑːtɪ'fɪʃl] 美 [ˌɑːrtɪ'fɪʃl]
词形变化：artificially, artificiality
双解释义
adj.(形容词)
1. 人造的,人工的,假的 made by humans, especially as a copy of sth natural
2. 虚假的,不真挚的,矫揉造作的 lacking true feelings; insincere
3. 人为的；不自然的 happening as a result of human action, not through a natural process
英英释义
Adjective:
1. contrived by art rather than nature;
"artificial flowers"
"artificial flavoring"
"an artificial diamond"
"artificial fibers"
"artificial sweeteners"
2. artificially formal;
"that artificial humility that her husband hated"
"contrived coyness"
"a stilted letter of acknowledgment"
"when people try to correct their speech they develop a stilted pronunciation"
3. not arising from natural growth or characterized by vital processes
例句
用作形容词 (adj.)
This orange drink contains no artificial flavourings. 这种橙汁饮品不含人工调味料。
This dress is made of artificial fibers. 这件衣服是人造纤维的。
She welcomed us with an artificial smile on her face. 她脸上挂着虚委的笑容来迎接我们。
Her artificial manner made me sick. 她那装腔作势的样子令我恶心。
常见句型
用作形容词 (adj.)
用作定语
～+ n.
A lot of people use artificial sweeteners in their tea or coffee. 许多人在茶或咖啡中放进人造甜味剂。
Artificial sweeteners are used in soft drinks. 软饮料中使用人造甜味剂。
He was born with only one ear,but surgeons have fitted him with an artificial one made of silicon. 他生下来时只有一只耳朵，但医生为他装上了一只用硅橡胶制的人造耳。
I don't like wearing clothes made of artificial fibres. 我不喜欢穿人造纤维的衣服。
Our country launched certain artificial earth satellites in these years. 这几年我国发射了几颗人造卫星。
Rescuers pulled the child from the river,and she was given artificial respiration. 抢救者把孩子从河里救上来，给她做人工呼吸。
The growers use both natural and artificial light. 栽培者既用自然光也用人造光。
The new dam will form a large artificial lake behind it. 新筑的水坝将会在后面形成一个人工湖。
The product contains no artificial colours, flavours, or preservatives. 该产品不含人造色素、调料或防腐剂。
These candies contain no artificial colours. 这些糖果不含任何人工色素。
A job interview is a very artificial situation. 求职面试是一个相当不自然的场面。
High import taxes give their homemade goods an artificial advantage in the market. 高进口税使他们本国的产品在市场取得人为的优势。
Our new policies are designed to break down artificial barriers to women's advancement. 我们的新政策是要打破对女性晋升人为设置的障碍。
The artificial scarcity of his product increases its value. 人为造成的缺货使得他的产品价格上涨。
These results appear only in very artificial conditions. 这些结果只在高度人为的情况下出现。
She laughed a bright artificial laugh. 她欢快而做作地大笑。
She speaks with a very artificial accent. 她说话的语气非常做作。
The artificial flowers are like real ones. 这些假花像真的一样。
It makes me sick to think of his highly artificial manners. 一想起他那种矫揉造作的态度就令人讨厌。
The film star flashed an artificial smile at the crowd. 这位影星抛给人群一个矫揉造作的微笑。
They jump at the suggestion with artificial enthusiasm. 他们假装热情地欣然接受了这一建议。
She welcomed me with an artificial smile. 她面带不自然的微笑向我表示欢迎。
When nervous, he had an artificial laugh. 他一紧张，笑得就不自然。
用作表语
S+be+～
This lake is artificial. 这是个人工湖。
Those precious stones are artificial. 那些宝石是人造的。
Many citizens feel that the division of their country is artificial. 很多公民认为他们的国家是被人为地划分的。
It sounds artificial. 这听起来很假。
Her smile looks artificial. 她的微笑是假装出来的。
Their cheerfulness seemed rather strained and artificial. 他们的快乐表情看上去很勉强而做作。
To some people, the clarity CD sound seems artificial. 对一些人来说，激光唱片听起来似乎有些假。
S+be+～+ prep. -phrase
The Japanese have a rigid code of etiquette, which may seem artificial to foreigners. 日本人有一套严格的礼仪,这在外国人看来可能是矫揉造作的。
词汇搭配
用作形容词 (adj.)
～+名词
artificial emotion 假装的情感artificial fertilizer 化肥artificial fibres 人造纤维artificial flowers 假花artificial fur 人造毛皮artificial hair 假发artificial ice 人造冰artificial intelligence 人工智能artificial insemination 人工授精artificial lake 人工湖artificial leg 假腿artificial light 人造光artificial lighting 人工照明artificial limb 假肢artificial manners 做作的态度artificial person 法人artificial rainfall 人工降雨artificial respiration 人工呼吸artificial satellite 人造卫星artificial silk 人造丝artificial smile 假笑artificial snow 人造雪artificial sweetener 人造甜味剂artificial teeth 假牙artificial tone of voice 矫揉造作的声调artificial earth satellite 人造地球卫星
词语用法
adj.(形容词)
1. artificial指非自然环境所产生,在某种意义上为人类所创造的东西;也用于与自然物相对照的人工物;形容人时则指其言谈举止做作或拘谨。
2. artificial接介词to意为在某人看来是虚假的，不自然的。
3. artificial作人工的；人造的虚假的；不真挚的解时不用于比较等级。
词义辨析
adj.(形容词)
artificial, counterfeit, fake, false, sham
这组词的共同意思是假的。其区别是：
false说明某物与真品相像,着重于看起来与真的不一样,不一定具有冒充、欺骗之义; counterfeit着重于冒充真的,并含有欺骗之义; artificial着重于人造的,人为的,也可引申指不自然的; fake指假造或冒充的(物或人); sham往往指通过比较明显的仿造或伪善行为来进行欺骗。例如:
Her false diamonds look like real ones.她的假钻石饰物看起来像真的一样。
The peddler sold me a counterfeit coin.这个小贩卖给我的是假币。
This is an artificial flower.这是一朵人造花。
What he says is all sham sympathy.他说的那一套统统是假装同情而已。
Beware of those who sell fake medicines.谨防贩卖假药者。
artificial false synthetic man-made
这些形容词均有人造的，非自然的之意。
artificial:artificial指模仿天然材料由人工制造的东西，侧重真伪对比。
false:false指因缺失而补上的替代物，有时也指伪装的。
synthetic:synthetic与artificial近义，但前者强调通过化学作用或化学处理把几种物质复制成与原材料截然不同的新产品。
man-made:man-made指完全用人工制造，不含仿造和真伪对比的意味。
【同义词】
fake false man-made unnatural
【反义词】
genuine real
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architect 常用词汇
英 ['ɑːkɪtekt] 美 ['ɑːrkɪtekt]
n.(名词)
建筑师
设计师
创造者
缔造者
造物主
创制者
设计者
设计师
制定者
创作者
n.(名词)
[C]建筑师,设计师; 创造者 a person who plans new buildings and is responsible for making sure that they are built properly
例句
用作名词 (n.)
He is known as a successful architect. 他以成功的建筑师闻名。
The author of the guidebook is an architect by profession. 该旅行指南的作者任职建筑师。
The architect was given/presented with a blank cheque to design a new city centre. 设计师被授予全权设计一个新的城市中心区。
He was one of the architects of the republic. 他是这个共和国的缔造者之一。
He was the chief architect of the country's new economic policy. 他是制定国家新经济政策的总指挥。
词汇搭配
用作名词 (n.)
形容词+～
famous architect 著名建筑师 naval architect 造船技师
～+介词
architect of one's own fortunes 自力更生的人,创造自己命运的人
【同义词】
designer
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atherosclerosis
[.ζθərosklə'rosɪs]
（动脉）粥样硬化, 冠状动脉粥样硬化心脏病([guānzhuΰng dςngmΰi zhōuyΰng yμnghuΰ xīnzΰngbμng]
coronary atherosclerotic heart disease
1. a degenerative disease of the arteries characterized by patchy thickening of the inner lining of the arterial walls, caused by deposits of fatty material; a form of arteriosclerosis - See atheroma 2. C20: from New Latin, from Greek athera gruel (see atheroma) + sclerosis
There is no evidence that antiplatelet agents reduce atherosclerotic risk in patients with HF.没有任何证据表明，抗血小板制剂降低心衰患者动脉粥样硬化的危险。
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